1 Samuel covers Israel’s transition from judges to monarchy. It begins with Samuel’s birth, follows Israel’s demand for a king, Saul’s rise and failure as king, and concludes with David being chosen as Saul’s successor.

Author: Traditionally Samuel (with contributions by prophets Nathan and Gad); scholars believe it was compiled by multiple authors/editors.

Date Written: Likely finalized in the 7th–6th century BCE.

Context: Written during or after the monarchy, 1 Samuel explores themes of divine authority versus human kingship, setting the stage for David’s reign and reflecting on Israel’s covenant relationship under the Davidic line.