Isaiah is a major prophetic book addressing Judah’s crises. It includes pre-exilic oracles warning of Assyrian conquest, and later prophecies of exile and restoration. The book balances judgment with hope, emphasizing God’s justice, righteousness, and the coming salvation (e.g., the prophecy of a suffering servant).

Author: Traditionally the prophet Isaiah, though many scholars see multiple authors (e.g., ‘Second Isaiah’) spanning different periods.

Date Written: Composed over time (traditionally 8th century BCE with later additions up to 6th century BCE).

Context: Written in and after the time of Judah’s last kings (late 700s–500s BCE), Isaiah addresses historical threats (Assyria, Babylon) and looked beyond to post-exilic restoration. It strongly influenced later Jewish and Christian messianic expectations.