Job explores profound themes of suffering and divine justice. It narrates how Job, a righteous man, endures catastrophic trials (loss of family, health, wealth) allowed by God. Through poetic dialogues with his friends, it wrestles with the mystery of undeserved suffering, concluding that God’s wisdom and sovereignty exceed human understanding.

Author: Unknown (ancient tradition ascribes it to Job or Moses, but authorship is uncertain).

Date Written: Estimated c. 6th–4th century BCE.

Context: A wisdom book set in a patriarchal setting but likely composed in the post-exilic era. It addresses existential questions of faith and justice, illustrating a shift in perspective on individual suffering within the Israelite faith tradition.